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refine modify column #21110
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refine modify column #21110
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@@ -8,12 +8,24 @@ aliases: ['/docs-cn/dev/sql-statements/sql-statement-modify-column/','/docs-cn/d | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| `ALTER TABLE .. MODIFY COLUMN` 语句用于修改已有表上的列,包括列的数据类型和属性。若要同时重命名,可改用 [`CHANGE COLUMN`](/sql-statements/sql-statement-change-column.md) 语句。 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 从 v5.1.0 版本起,TiDB 开始支持 Reorg 类型变更,包括但不限于: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 从 v5.1.0 起,TiDB 支持需要 Reorg-Data 的列类型变更。这类变更在执行过程中会重建表中现有的所有数据,包括读取原始数据、按照新的数据格式进行处理,以及重新写入表中。由于需要处理全表数据,Reorg-Data 操作通常较为耗时,其执行时间与表中的数据量成正比。 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 常见的需要 Reorg-Data 的列类型变更包括(但不限于): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| - 从 `VARCHAR` 转换为 `BIGINT` | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - `DECIMAL` 精度修改 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - 从 `VARCHAR(10)` 到 `VARCHAR(5)` 的长度压缩 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 从 v8.5.5 和 v9.0.0 起,针对部分原本需要 Reorg-Data 的列类型变更,TiDB 优化了执行效率。如果当前会话的 [SQL 模式](/sql-mode.md)为严格模式(即 `sql_mode` 值包含 `STRICT_TRANS_TABLES` 或 `STRICT_ALL_TABLES`),TiDB 在进行以下类型变更时,会预先检查类型转换过程中是否存在数据截断风险,若不存在数据截断风险,TiDB 将不再进行表数据重建,仅重建受影响的索引: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| - 整数类型之间的变更(例如 `BIGINT` 到 `INT`) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. 这个场景下,是不是不需要重建索引?
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There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. 不需要。之前需要 |
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| - 字符串类型之间的变更(例如 `VARCHAR(200)` 到 `VARCHAR(100)`) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| > **注意:** | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > 当从 `VARCHAR` 转换为 `CHAR` 时,要求所有原数据的末尾均不包含空格;若存在不满足该条件的数据,TiDB 仍会执行 Reorg-Data,以确保转换后的数据符合 `CHAR` 类型的填充规则。 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| ## 语法图 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| ```ebnf+diagram | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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@@ -168,7 +180,7 @@ CREATE TABLE `t1` ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > ERROR 1406 (22001): Data Too Long, field len 4, data len 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > ``` | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > - 由于和 Async Commit 功能兼容,DDL 在开始进入到 Reorg Data 前会有一定时间(约 2.5s)的等待处理: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > - 由于和 Async Commit 功能兼容,在关闭[元数据锁](/metadata-lock.md)的情况下,DDL 在开始进入到 Reorg-Data 前会有一定时间(约 2.5 秒)的等待处理: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > ``` | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| > Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.52 sec) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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