Add warning for callouts with invalid ID prefixes instead of failing completely with bad errors

[cderv]

closes #13589

Previously we would have a really bad error when a random id was used

::: {#random-id .callout-note}

## Note

Content

:::

This is not expected but could happen. We should not fail badly on lua, but gracefully handle it.

I choose to

• Warn about unexpected id being used
• Fallback to a usuall callout ignoring ID and crossreference.

[posit-snyk-bot]

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