Merge pull request #100 from codewithdhruba01/doc/custing

docs: add Python Type Casting chapter to tutorial

Author: sanjay-kv

docs/python/python-casting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+---
+id: python-casting
+title: Type Casting
+sidebar_label: Type Casting #displays in sidebar
+sidebar_position: 6
+tags:
+  [
+    Python,
+    Introduction of python,
+    Python Syntax,
+    Python Variables,
+    Python Operators,
+    Type Casting,
+
+  ]
+
+---
+
+# Python Casting
+
+In Python, **casting** is the process of converting a variable from one type to another. Python has built-in functions for converting between data types.
+
+---
+
+### Specify a Variable Type
+
+Python is an **object-oriented language**, and **variables are objects**.  
+You can specify the data type using casting functions:
+
+```python
+x = int(1)     # x will be 1
+y = int(2.8)   # y will be 2
+z = int("3")   # z will be 3
+````
+
+
+###  `int()` - Integer Casting
+
+Converts a value to an integer. Works with floats and numeric strings.
+
+```python
+x = int(1)      # 1
+y = int(2.8)    # 2
+z = int("3")    # 3
+# w = int("abc")  # Error
+```
+
+
+### `float()` - Floating-Point Casting
+
+Converts a value to a float. Works with integers and numeric strings.
+
+```python
+a = float(1)      # 1.0
+b = float("2.5")  # 2.5
+c = float(3.0)    # 3.0
+```
+
+
+###  `str()` - String Casting
+
+Converts numbers or other types into a string.
+
+```python
+x = str("s1")   # 's1'
+y = str(2)      # '2'
+z = str(3.0)    # '3.0'
+```
+
+### Invalid Casting
+
+Some values can't be casted directly:
+
+```python
+int("hello")     # ValueError
+float("abc")     # ValueError
+```
+
+Use `try`/`except` to handle safely:
+
+```python
+value = "abc"
+try:
+    number = int(value)
+except ValueError:
+    print("Invalid conversion")
+```
+
+### Summary Table
+
+| Function  | Converts to | Example Input | Output  |
+| --------- | ----------- | ------------- | ------- |
+| `int()`   | Integer     | `"3"`         | `3`     |
+| `float()` | Float       | `"3.5"`       | `3.5`   |
+| `str()`   | String      | `3.5`         | `"3.5"` |
+
+
+### Quick Notes
+
+* Use casting to convert types manually.
+* Useful when handling user input, math, or data from files.
+* Always validate input before casting to avoid errors.

docs/python/setup-environment.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 id: setup-environment
 title: Setting up your development environment
 sidebar_label: Setting up environment
-sidebar_position: 6
+sidebar_position: 7
 tags:
   [
     html,