Big Bang Expansion 3D

A Volumetric Simulation of Cosmic Evolution

1230.mp4

Big Bang Expansion 3D

A Volumetric Simulation of Cosmic Evolution

Live Demo: https://big-bang-sim-idii.vercel.app/

Overview

This project is a high-fidelity, interactive 3D visualization of the evolution of the universe, from the initial Singularity to the present day (13.77 billion years). Built using Three.js and GLSL (OpenGL Shading Language), it simulates the volumetric expansion of space-time, the formation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), and the emergence of the Cosmic Web.

The simulation renders the universe as a dynamic time-cone, geometrically accurately representing the phases of:

1. Inflation: The initial rapid expansion from a singularity.
2. The Dark Ages: A period of volumetric fog before the ignition of the first stars.
3. Galactic Evolution: The formation of the first spiral and elliptical structures.
4. Dark Energy: The accelerated expansion of the universe in the modern era, visualized by a flaring mesh and redshifted galaxy distributions.

Scientific Visualization Features

• Volumetric Rendering: Custom shaders simulate the density of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) using procedural Simplex noise to mimic WMAP/Planck data temperature fluctuations.
• Particle Systems: Tens of thousands of particles represent the "Cosmic Web," with distinct algorithms for clustering and filament formation.
• Procedural Galaxy Generation: The simulation does not use static sprites. Instead, it procedurally generates 3D volumetric galaxies (Spirals, Barred Spirals, Ellipticals, and Irregulars) with individual stellar distributions, dust lanes, and accretion disks.
• Post-Processing: A NASA-grade rendering pipeline includes HDR Tone Mapping and Unreal-style Bloom to simulate the blinding luminosity of the Big Bang and the soft glow of galactic cores.

Technical Stack

• Engine: Three.js (WebGL)
• Shaders: Custom GLSL Fragment & Vertex Shaders
• Post-Processing: EffectComposer (UnrealBloomPass, RenderPass)
• Physics: Custom JavaScript animation loop for expansion dynamics

Usage

This simulation is optimized for modern web browsers supporting WebGL 2.0. Simply visit the Live Demo to interact.

• Drag: Rotate the camera around the timeline.
• Scroll: Zoom in/out to inspect individual eras or galaxies.

---

Developed for educational and scientific visualization purposes.