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docs(ddx-hardware): add missing content
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266 changes: 261 additions & 5 deletions pages/dedibox-hardware/troubleshooting/diagnose-defective-disk.mdx
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ dates:
validation: 2025-02-06
posted: 2021-11-02
categories:
- dedibox-servers
- dedibox-hardware
---

`Smartmontools` is a set of tools that controls and monitors a disk using the **SMART** standard (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology System).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ On these servers, the physical disks are referred to as `sg*` devices.
As the devices can be positioned a little further away, do not hesitate to test up to `sg5` if you do not have conclusive results.
</Message>

### Dell PERC H310 controller
### Dell PERC controller (H310, H700, H710, H730-P, LSI9361)

Two possibilities exist for this type of controller:

Expand All @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ The first one displays the status of the RAID volume, whilst the second one disp
smartctl -s on -a -d megaraid,${i} ${DEVICE} -T permissive
done
```
## How to check an HP multi-disk server
## How to check an HP multi-disk server (P410, P420, P222)

1. Log into your server using SSH.
2. Run the following command to display the status of the RAID:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ The first one displays the status of the RAID volume, whilst the second one disp

### How to configure SMARTD

Below, you find an example of a single-disk server installed on a Debian-like machine.
Below, you will find an example of a single-disk server installed on a Debian-like machine.

<Message type="note">
The following commands are to be executed as `root` or via `sudo`.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -193,4 +193,260 @@ Local Time is: Fri Oct 29 11:20:27 2010 CEST

<Message type="tip">
For more information on Smartmontools, refer to the [official documentation](https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/TocDoc).
</Message>
</Message>

<Tabs id="Smart data examples">
<TabsTab label="HDD example">
The example below shows SMART data for the HDD storage type:

```
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Constellation ES.3
Device Model: ST1000NM0033-9ZM173
Serial Number: Z1W2P3WL
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0790721c5
Add. Product Id: DELL(tm)
Firmware Version: GA0A
User Capacity: 1 000 204 886 016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Jan 22 11:26:49 2025 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 90) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 115) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 3) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x50bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x010f 079 063 044 Pre-fail Always - 90441339
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0103 096 095 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 26
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0133 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 093 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 2198492836
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 094 011 000 Old_age Always - 5442
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 18
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 071 061 045 Old_age Always - 29 (Min/Max 27/34)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 9
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 12859
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 029 040 000 Old_age Always - 29 (0 22 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 046 015 000 Old_age Always - 90441339
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 000 000 000 Old_age Always - 65535
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 62209 (42 197 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 75618145300
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 528734761477

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
```
If `total_uncorrected_errors` or `errors_corrected_by_rereads_rewrites` is > 0, the disk is out of order.
</TabsTab>
<TabsTab label="SSD example">
The example below shows SMART data for the SSD storage type:

```
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Crucial/Micron MX1/2/300, M5/600, 1100 Client SSDs
Device Model: Micron_1100_MTFDDAK512TBN
Serial Number: 1709160C2354
LU WWN Device Id: 5 00a075 1160c2354
Firmware Version: M0MU031
User Capacity: 512 110 190 592 bytes [512 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Jan 22 11:24:34 2025 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x03) Offline data collection activity
is in progress.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 913) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 7) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 3) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x0035) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 11
5 Reallocate_NAND_Blk_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 10
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 63309
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 12
171 Program_Fail_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
172 Erase_Fail_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
173 Ave_Block-Erase_Count 0x0032 060 060 000 Old_age Always - 610
174 Unexpect_Power_Loss_Ct 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6
183 SATA_Interfac_Downshift 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 Error_Correction_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 068 047 000 Old_age Always - 32 (Min/Max 24/53)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 10
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
202 Percent_Lifetime_Used 0x0030 060 060 001 Old_age Offline - 40
206 Write_Error_Rate 0x000e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
246 Total_Host_Sector_Write 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 72065906327
247 Host_Program_Page_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2254963742
248 Bckgnd_Program_Page_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 15919135484
180 Unused_Reserve_NAND_Blk 0x0033 000 000 000 Pre-fail Always - 2459
210 Success_RAIN_Recov_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 44

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
```
If the `RAW_VALUE` column for `Reallocated_Sector_Ct` or ` Runtime_Bad_Block` or `Current_Pending_Sector` is > 5, the disk can already be considered as unhealthy. If it is > 20, the disk is out of order.
</TabsTab>
<TabsTab label="NVMe example">
The example below shows SMART data for the NVMe storage type:

```
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: SKHynix_HFS512GEJ9X164N
Serial Number: 4YC8N008713108B48
Firmware Version: 51770C30
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x1c5c
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0xace42e
Controller ID: 1
NVMe Version: 1.4
Number of Namespaces: 1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 512,110,190,592 [512 GB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64: ace42e 003abd04e2
Local Time is: Wed Jan 22 11:21:05 2025 CET
Firmware Updates (0x16): 3 Slots, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017): Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Log Page Attributes (0x1e): Cmd_Eff_Lg Ext_Get_Lg Telmtry_Lg Pers_Ev_Lg
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 64 Pages
Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 86 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 87 Celsius

Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 4.5000W - - 0 0 0 0 100 100
1 + 3.0000W - - 1 1 1 1 200 200
2 + 0.6000W - - 2 2 2 2 400 400
3 - 0.0150W - - 3 3 3 3 2000 2000
4 - 0.0030W - - 4 4 4 4 5000 10000

Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
0 + 512 0 0

=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 42 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 1%
Data Units Read: 5,718,407 [2.92 TB]
Data Units Written: 9,717,865 [4.97 TB]
Host Read Commands: 43,061,485
Host Write Commands: 142,156,172
Controller Busy Time: 5,906
Power Cycles: 1,315
Power On Hours: 2,261
Unsafe Shutdowns: 56
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 0
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Temperature Sensor 1: 44 Celsius
Temperature Sensor 2: 42 Celsius

Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, 16 of 256 entries)
No Errors Logged

Read Self-test Log failed: Invalid Field in Command (0x002)
```
</TabsTab>
</Tabs>

<Message type="note">
If you encounter **Health status: Failed** or **Failing Now**, the disk is considered out of order. Make sure that you have backups, then open a [support ticket](/account/how-to/open-a-support-ticket/) and ask for the disk to be replaced, indicating the serial number with the result of the `smartctl` command.
</Message>