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mit

Confidence in absence as confidence in counterfactual visibility

Maya Schipper & Matan Mazor

Rationale and experimental design for Experiment 1

A series of experiments looking at the effects of factual and counterfactual visibility on confidence in presence and absence.

Data

Data from Exp. 1, including raw behavioural data, parameter estimates and simulated data from the model, is available on OSF.

Raw behavioural data from Exp. 2 is also available on OSF.

These files can be downloaded into their right places by running downloadFromOSF.R from the analysis subdirectory.

Analysis Scripts

A fully reproducible data-to-results-section code, (in R and Rmarkdown), is available in the analysis subdirectory. The directory also includes all pre-registered hypotheses from the two experiments.

Experiment demos

You can try Experiment 1 (size) by clicking here

You can try Experiment 2 (prospective confidence) by clicking here

Pre-registration and pre-registration time-locking 🕝🔒

OSF pre-registrations are available for Exp. 1 and Exp. 2.

To ensure preregistration time-locking (in other words, that preregistration preceded data collection), we employed randomization-based preregistration. We used the SHA256 cryptographic hash function to translate our preregistered protocol folder (including the pre-registration document) to a string of 256 bits. These bits were then combined with the unique identifiers of single subjects, and the resulting string was used as seed for initializing the Mersenne Twister pseudorandom number generator prior to determining all random aspects of the experiment, including the order of trials, occluder positions, and random noise in the stimulus itself. This way, experimental randomization was causally dependent on, and therefore could not have been determined prior to, the specific contents of our preregistration document (Mazor, Mazor & Mukamel, 2019).

Exp. 1

protocol folder

protocol sum: 5c3ed4305256f8e945a9efec12fe5e6c8a7c1576607c7c32061a0c5a50d82d60

relevant pre-registration lines of code

Exp. 2

protocol folder

protocol sum: 7463799c7fd4953c82d6143176f825985aa27ad742e98737d0100adfb758b1d8

relevant pre-registration lines of code

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