feat: advance to ubuntu 24.04 #2990

Job	Run time
build-run-image (large-linux-arm, arm64)	3m 33s
build-run-image (large-linux-x86, amd64)	2m 29s
build-run-image (macos-latest-xlarge, arm64)	4m 5s
run-tests / prepare	1m 1s
run-testinfra / prepare	45s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("17")	42m 42s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("orioledb-17")	51m 17s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("15")	41m 26s
run-tests / build ("15")	1m 39s
run-tests / build ("orioledb-17")	2m 23s
run-tests / build ("17")	1m 40s
build-run-image (macos-latest-xlarge, arm64)	4m 5s
build-run-image (large-linux-x86, amd64)	2m 29s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("orioledb-17")	40m 37s
build-run-image (large-linux-arm, arm64)	3m 33s
run-tests / build ("orioledb-17")	2m 23s
run-tests / build ("15")	1m 39s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("15")	41m 26s
run-testinfra / test-ami-nix ("17")	42m 42s
run-testinfra / prepare	45s
run-tests / prepare	1m 1s
run-tests / build ("17")	1m 40s
	4h 55m 20s

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