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ame and obsessing over wording: name a more iconic duo
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src/1Lab/intro.lagda.md

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@@ -1327,13 +1327,11 @@ However, an inhabitant of this type has a much more interesting
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_topological_ interpretation!
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<details open>
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<summary>**Worked example**: Interpreting dependent sums as fibrations and
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dependent products as sections lets us derive topological
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interpretations for types.
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We show how to do this for the type $(x\ y : A) \to x \equiv y$, and
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show that a space $A$ admitting an inhabitant of this type has the
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property of being "contractible if inhabited".
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<summary>**Worked example**: Interpreting dependent sums as fibrations
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and dependent products as sections lets us derive topological
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interpretations for types. We show how to do this for the type $(x\ y :
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A) \to x \equiv y$, and show that a space $A$ admitting an inhabitant of
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this type has the property of "being contractible if it is inhabited".
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</summary>
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First, we'll shuffle the type so that we can phrase it in terms of a
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\to A \times A$, since it is the pairing of the maps which evaluate a
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path at the left and right endpoints of the interval.
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As a very quick aside, there is a map $r : \lambda x.\ (x, x,
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\id{refl})$, we get a diagram like the one below, expressing that
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the diagonal $A \to A \times A$ can be factored as a weak equivalence
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follwed by a fibration, exhibiting $A^\bb{I}$ as a path space object
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for $A$.
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As a very quick aside, there is a map $r : \lambda x.\ (x, x, \id{refl}$
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making the diagram below commute. This diagram expresses that the
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diagonal $A \to A \times A$ can be factored as a weak equivalence
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follwed by a fibration through $A^\bb{I}$, which is the defining
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property of a _path space object_.
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$A$.
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$$
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A \xrightarrow{\~r} A^\bb{I} \xrightarrow{(d0,d1)} \to A \times A

src/Cat/Functor/Monadic/Beck.lagda.md

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@@ -61,13 +61,14 @@ Suppose that we are given a $T$-algebra $(A, \nu)$. Note that $(TA,
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$A$. Let us illustrate this with a concrete example: Suppose we have the
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cyclic group $\bb{Z}/n\bb{Z}$, for some natural number $n$, which we
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regard as a subgroup of $\bb{Z}$. The corresponding algebra $(TA, \mu)$
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would be the [free group] on one generator --- the group of integers
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---, whence we conclude that, in general, this $(TA, \mu)$ algebra
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would be the [free group] on one generator^[the group of integers]
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whence^[I was feeling pretentious when I wrote this sentence] we
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conclude that, in general, this "free-on-underlying" $(TA, \mu)$ algebra
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is very far from being the $(A, \nu)$ algebra we started with.
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[free group]: Algebra.Group.Free.html
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Still thinking about our $\bb{Z}/n\bb{Z}$ example, it feels like we
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Still, motivated by our $\bb{Z}/n\bb{Z}$ example, it feels like we
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should be able to [quotient] the algebra $(TA, \mu)$ by some set of
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_relations_ and get back the algebra $(A, \nu)$ we started with. This is
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absolutely true, and it's true even when the category of $T$-algebras is
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[coequaliser]: Cat.Diagram.Coequaliser.html
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~~~{.quiver .short-1}
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~~~{.quiver .short-15}
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\[\begin{tikzcd}
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{(T^2A,\mu)} & {(TA,\mu)} & {(A,\nu)}
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{T^2A} & {TA} & {A,}
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\arrow["\mu", shift left=1, from=1-1, to=1-2]
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\arrow["T\nu"', shift right=1, from=1-1, to=1-2]
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\arrow[from=1-2, to=1-3]
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\arrow["\nu", from=1-2, to=1-3]
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\end{tikzcd}\]
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~~~
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Furthermore, the arrows $\mu$ and $T\nu$ have a common left inverse, so
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this is a reflexive coequaliser, called the **Beck coequaliser**.
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called the **Beck coequaliser** (of $A$). Furthermore, this coequaliser
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is _reflexive_ in $\ca{C}^T$, meaning that the arrows $\mu$ and $T\nu$
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have a common right inverse. Elaborating a bit, this theorem lets us
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decompose any $T$-algebra $(A, \nu)$ into a canonical presentation of
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$A$ by generators and relations, as a quotient of a free algebra by a
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relation (induced by) the fold $\nu$.
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<!--
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```agda
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```
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-->
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The calculation is just.. well, calculation, so we present it without
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much further commentary. Observe that $\nu$ coequalises $\mu$ and $T\nu$
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essentially by the definition of being an algebra map.
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**Proof**. The proof is by calculation, applying the monad laws where
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applicable, so we present it without much further commentary. Observe
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that $\nu$ coequalises $\mu$ and $T\nu$ essentially by the definition of
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being an algebra map. Note that we do not make use of the fact that the
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monad $T$ was given by a _specified_ adjunction $F \dashv U$ in the
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proof, and any adjunction presenting $T$ will do.
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```agda
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open is-coequaliser

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