Base58 Encoding Library

A .NET 10.0 Base58 encoding and decoding library with support for multiple alphabet variants.

Features

• Multiple Alphabets: Built-in support for Bitcoin(IFPS/Sui/Solana), Ripple, and Flickr alphabets
• Memory Efficient: Uses stackalloc operations when possible to minimize allocations
• Type Safe: Leverages ReadOnlySpan and ReadOnlyMemory for safe memory operations
• Intrinsics: Uses SIMD Vector128/Vector256 and unrolled loop for counting leading zeros
• Optimized Hot Paths: Fast fixed-length encode/decode for 32-byte and 64-byte inputs using Firedancer-like optimizations

Usage

using Base58Encoding;

// Encode bytes to Base58 Bitcoin(IFPS/Sui) alphabet
byte[] data = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 };
string encoded = Base58.Bitcoin.Encode(data);

// Decode Base58 string back to bytes
byte[] decoded = Base58.Bitcoin.Decode(encoded);

// Ripple / Flickr
Base58.Ripple.Encode(data);
Base58.Flickr.Encode(data);

Performance

The library automatically uses optimized fast paths for common fixed-size inputs:

• 32-byte inputs (Bitcoin/Solana addresses, SHA-256 hashes): 8.5x faster encoding
• 64-byte inputs (SHA-512 hashes): Similar performance improvements

These optimizations are based on Firedancer's specialized Base58 algorithms and are transparent to the user. Unlike Firedancer however, we fallback to the generic approach in case of edge-cases.

Algorithm Details:

• Uses Mixed Radix Conversion (MRC) with intermediate base 58^5 representation
• Precomputed multiplication tables replace expensive division operations
• Converts binary data to base 58^5 limbs, then to raw base58 digits
• Matrix multiplication approach processes 5 base58 digits simultaneously
• Separate encode/decode tables for 32-byte and 64-byte fixed sizes
• Achieves ~2.5x speedup through table-based optimizations vs iterative division

References:

• Firedancer C implementation

## Benchmarks

BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.8, Windows 11 (10.0.26200.7462/25H2/2025Update/HudsonValley2) 13th Gen Intel Core i7-13700KF 3.40GHz, 1 CPU, 24 logical and 16 physical cores .NET SDK 10.0.101 [Host] : .NET 10.0.1 (10.0.1, 10.0.125.57005), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3 DefaultJob : .NET 10.0.1 (10.0.1, 10.0.125.57005), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3

Job=DefaultJob

| Method                     | VectorType     | Mean        | Ratio | Gen0   | Allocated | Alloc Ratio |
|--------------------------- |--------------- |------------:|------:|-------:|----------:|------------:|
| **'Our Base58 Encode'**        | **BitcoinAddress** |   **537.07 ns** |  **1.00** | **0.0057** |      **96 B** |        **1.00** |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Encode' | BitcoinAddress |   782.31 ns |  1.46 | 0.0057 |      96 B |        1.00 |
| 'Our Base58 Decode'        | BitcoinAddress |   168.95 ns |  0.31 | 0.0033 |      56 B |        0.58 |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Decode' | BitcoinAddress |   352.63 ns |  0.66 | 0.0033 |      56 B |        0.58 |
|                            |                |             |       |        |           |             |
| **'Our Base58 Encode'**        | **SolanaAddress**  |    **93.41 ns** |  **1.00** | **0.0070** |     **112 B** |        **1.00** |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Encode' | SolanaAddress  | 1,430.37 ns | 15.31 | 0.0057 |     112 B |        1.00 |
| 'Our Base58 Decode'        | SolanaAddress  |   181.71 ns |  1.95 | 0.0035 |      56 B |        0.50 |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Decode' | SolanaAddress  |   837.03 ns |  8.96 | 0.0019 |      56 B |        0.50 |
|                            |                |             |       |        |           |             |
| **'Our Base58 Encode'**        | **SolanaTx**       |   **252.31 ns** |  **1.00** | **0.0124** |     **200 B** |        **1.00** |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Encode' | SolanaTx       | 7,247.09 ns | 28.73 | 0.0076 |     200 B |        1.00 |
| 'Our Base58 Decode'        | SolanaTx       |   178.05 ns |  0.71 | 0.0055 |      88 B |        0.44 |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Decode' | SolanaTx       | 2,379.54 ns |  9.43 | 0.0038 |      88 B |        0.44 |
|                            |                |             |       |        |           |             |
| **'Our Base58 Encode'**        | **IPFSHash**       | **1,096.58 ns** |  **1.00** | **0.0076** |     **120 B** |        **1.00** |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Encode' | IPFSHash       | 1,644.83 ns |  1.50 | 0.0076 |     120 B |        1.00 |
| 'Our Base58 Decode'        | IPFSHash       |   287.87 ns |  0.26 | 0.0038 |      64 B |        0.53 |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Decode' | IPFSHash       |   643.63 ns |  0.59 | 0.0038 |      64 B |        0.53 |
|                            |                |             |       |        |           |             |
| **'Our Base58 Encode'**        | **MoneroAddress**  | **4,998.35 ns** |  **1.00** | **0.0076** |     **216 B** |        **1.00** |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Encode' | MoneroAddress  | 8,585.92 ns |  1.72 |      - |     216 B |        1.00 |
| 'Our Base58 Decode'        | MoneroAddress  | 1,173.48 ns |  0.23 | 0.0057 |      96 B |        0.44 |
| 'SimpleBase Base58 Decode' | MoneroAddress  | 3,716.38 ns |  0.74 | 0.0038 |      96 B |        0.44 |


## License

This project is available under the MIT License.