Mini Projects

This folder contains a collection of small Python projects demonstrating various programming concepts and techniques. Each project is a standalone script with example usage.

Projects

1. Caesar Cipher (Caesar cipher.py)

A program that implements the Caesar cipher technique for encrypting and decrypting text.

Key Functions:

• caesar(text, shift, encrypt=True): Core function to shift letters in the text.
• encrypt(text, shift): Encrypts the given text with the specified shift.
• decrypt(text, shift): Decrypts the given text with the specified shift.

Usage:

• Shift must be an integer between 1 and 25.
• Example: Decrypts "Pbhentr vf sbhaq va hayvxryl cynprf." with shift 13 to reveal the original message.

2. Number Pattern Generator (num_pattern_generator.py)

A script that generates a simple number pattern based on an input integer.

Key Function:

• number_pattern(n): Returns a string of numbers from 1 to n, separated by spaces.

Usage:

• Input must be a positive integer greater than 0.
• Example: number_pattern(4) returns "1 2 3 4".

3. RPG Game Character Creator (rpg_game.py)

An RPG character creation function that generates a character with stats and validates inputs.

Key Function:

• create_character(name, strength, intelligence, charisma): Creates a character with the given name and stats.

Features:

• Name validation: Must be a non-empty string, no longer than 10 characters, no spaces.
• Stats: Each stat (strength, intelligence, charisma) must be an integer from 1 to 4, totaling exactly 7 points.
• Displays stats with visual bars (● for filled, ○ for empty).

Usage:

• Example: create_character('ren', 4, 2, 1) creates a valid character display.

4. PIN Extractor (pin_extractor.py)

A function that extracts "secret codes" from poems based on word lengths.

Key Function:

• pin_extractor(poems): Takes a list of poems (strings) and returns a list of secret codes.

How it Works:

• For each poem, splits into lines and words.
• For each line index, appends the length of the word at that position (or '0' if no such word exists).
• Generates a numeric code per poem.

Usage:

• Input: List of poem strings.
• Example: Extracts codes from sample poems like "Stars and the moon shine in the sky...".

5. Password Generator (password_generator.py)

A utility to generate strong, random passwords with customizable options.

Key Function:

• generate_password(length=12, include_uppercase=True, include_lowercase=True, include_numbers=True, include_symbols=True): Generates a password based on criteria.

Features:

• Customizable length (4-50 characters).
• Options to include/exclude uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols.
• Ensures at least one character type is selected.

Usage:

• Example: generate_password(10, include_symbols=False) generates a 10-character password without symbols.

6. Unit Converter (unit_converter.py)

A tool for converting between common units in length, weight, and temperature.

Key Function:

• convert_units(value, from_unit, to_unit, category): Converts a value between units in a specified category.

Supported Categories:

• Length: meter, kilometer, centimeter, millimeter, inch, foot, yard, mile.
• Weight: gram, kilogram, milligram, pound, ounce, ton.
• Temperature: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin.

Usage:

• Example: convert_units(5, 'meter', 'foot', 'length') returns 16.4042.

7. Medical Data Validator (medical_data_validator.py)

A script that validates medical records data against predefined constraints.

Key Functions:

• find_invalid_records(patient_id, age, gender, diagnosis, medications, last_visit_id): Checks individual record fields against constraints and returns a list of invalid keys.
• validate(data): Validates the entire list of records for correct format and field validity.

Features:

• Patient ID: Must be a string matching 'p\d+' (case-insensitive).
• Age: Must be an integer >= 18.
• Gender: Must be 'male' or 'female' (case-insensitive).
• Diagnosis: Must be a string or None.
• Medications: Must be a list of strings.
• Last Visit ID: Must be a string matching 'v\d+' (case-insensitive).

Usage:

• Input: A list or tuple of dictionaries, each with the required keys.
• Example: Validates the provided medical_records list and prints validation results.

8. User Config Manager (user_config_manager.py)

A utility to manage user settings with add, update, delete, and view operations.

Key Functions:

• add_setting(settings, new_setting): Adds a new setting key-value pair to the settings dictionary.
• update_setting(settings, new_setting): Updates an existing setting with a new value.
• delete_setting(settings, key): Deletes a setting by its key.
• view_settings(settings): Displays all current user settings in a formatted output.

Features:

• Keys and values are converted to lowercase for consistency.
• Prevents duplicate keys when adding new settings.
• Validates that keys exist before updating or deleting.
• Returns informative success/error messages for each operation.

Usage:

• Example: add_setting({}, ("theme", "dark")) adds a new setting "theme" with value "dark".
• Example: view_settings({"theme": "dark", "volume": "high"}) displays all settings.