Refactor update-ai-tools for robustness and maintainability

[google-labs-jules]

This PR refactors the update-ai-tools.js CLI to improve robustness and maintainability while keeping it as a single file.

Key changes:

• Async Architecture: Moved from synchronous execSync to asynchronous operations using promisify(exec) and spawn.
• Improved UX: Usage of spawn with stdio: 'inherit' ensures users see real-time progress of npm install commands (spinners, progress bars).
• Code Organization: Logic is now encapsulated in App and NpmManager classes.
• Error Handling: Specific handling for Network, Cache, and Permission errors with retry logic.
• Parallel Checks: Version checking is now done in parallel for faster execution.
• Type Safety: Added JSDoc comments throughout the file.

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 10277796933534375460 started by @yanai101

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