feat: add intelligent tab grouping by similarity #11144

matteomekhail · 2025-11-04T03:31:47Z

This feature automatically organizes workspace tabs into categories based on their content and domain.

How it works:

Analyzes all unpinned tabs in the active workspace
Uses keyword matching to categorize tabs by topic (Development, Social, Shopping, Video, News, etc.)
Groups similar tabs together with visual category headers (Similar to Arc Browser)

The grouping is triggered via a new 'Group' button in the workspace toolbar.

Is not probably the best way to categorize it, a better future way would be to use AI to generate the categories based on the pages, instead of having a map with keyword, but this is definetely a cheaper way.

Localization support added for: en-US, en-GB, it (AI generated Language files, IT as is my main language)

This feature automatically organizes workspace tabs into categories based on their content and domain. How it works: - Analyzes all unpinned tabs in the active workspace - Uses intelligent keyword matching to categorize tabs by topic (Development, Social, Shopping, Video, News, etc.) - Groups similar tabs together with visual category headers - Maintains logical ordering with priority-based sorting - New tabs automatically stay above categorized groups The grouping is triggered via a new 'Group' button in the workspace toolbar. Categories include: Development, Social Media, Shopping, Video/Streaming, News, Productivity, Finance, Gaming, and more. Localization support added for: en-US, en-GB, it

matteomekhail · 2025-11-04T03:34:18Z

This is how the "Group" button is implemented in the UI, and also how the categories are shown in the sidebar.

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-04T09:54:31Z

Have you tested this by the way?

matteomekhail · 2025-11-04T10:19:52Z

Have you tested this by the way?

Yes i did tested, but my bad, I've let AI do some things and didn't realized it forced pushed, I fixed it by restoring the working version, i'm really sorry for the confusion.

Here is a video showing the functionality:

Screen.Recording.2025-11-04.at.21.18.31.mov

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-04T14:52:15Z

I think we should be using Firefox's local llm for this, no?

ZiedYousfi · 2025-11-04T21:17:19Z

This is noisier than it needs to be.

Also the list feels way too subjective. The Internet is way too big to be condensed and grouped in that way.

It also means that if we want to change the list we have to release a new version.

matteomekhail · 2025-11-04T22:20:50Z

I think we should be using Firefox's local llm for this, no?

didn't know i could do that, will implement that now

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-04T22:55:06Z

This is noisier than it needs to be.

Also the list feels way too subjective. The Internet is way too big to be condensed and grouped in that way.

It also means that if we want to change the list we have to release a new version.

Yep, I believe having a small, local LLM that just takes a look at tab titles and domains could serve just as good. Good thing about Firefox's LLM is that its not intrusive, its private and doesn't really do anything unless it being explicitly called. IIRC they now use the GPU for them as well? Meaning they are faster and less resource intensive.

@matteomekhail read: https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/toolkit/components/ml/api.html

matteomekhail · 2025-11-11T07:06:27Z

Been trying to implement this LLM model solution in the last couple of days, and none of those can give me good result

BGE-base (or even small):
Pros: stronger embeddings, fewer random merges.
Cons: still splits similar brands (Audi/Mercedes), many micro-clusters

all-MiniLM-L6-v2:
Pros: model tailored for clustering, lightweight.
Cons: extremely sensitive threshold; based on configuration, either single-tab clusters, otherwise mixes distant domains

distilgpt2 :
Pros: basically none lol, just very light and fast
Cons: not instruction-tuned → needs heavy prompt engineering/parsing; still overuses the “Other” category, basically it can't understand how to categorize them

All the other Xenova model don't do the job as well, either they not able to generate the right categories title, or they will not categorize correctly ( ad example not merging adidas, nike, gucci or Lv under the same category)

The only approach that i've tried and it sorta work is a domain based, where i just look at the URL and merge them if they have the same based (merge all the yt tabs ad example) but that will not create a "video" category including other video provider like vimeo (as is a different domain)

I really want to implement this feature in the best possible way as it was my favorite feature on Arc, so if anyone has any idea or model to try i'll be very happy to

By "cluster" i mean a collection of tabs under a URL
Thanks for making the PR a draft! i should have done it sooner @mr-cheffy

12th-devs · 2025-11-11T11:15:50Z

@matteomekhail I'm not sure if it could be any help, but I vibecoded a project like this that used two of the models Firefox uses to sort tabs (as I had the same issues as you with the other model) and had amazing results. I learned quite a lot about how it all worked in the process, so if I could help in any way, please feel free to reach out.

https://github.com/Vertex-Mods/Zen-Tidy-Tabs

12th-devs · 2025-11-11T11:17:23Z

I would also look on searchfox and try to find the prompt they use for naming the tabs, as I don't remember off the top of my head

matteomekhail · 2025-11-11T11:18:58Z

@matteomekhail I'm not sure if it could be any help, but I vibecoded a project like this that used two of the models Firefox uses to sort tabs (as I had the same issues as you with the other model) and had amazing results. I learned quite a lot about how it all worked in the process, so if I could help in any way, please feel free to reach out.

https://github.com/Vertex-Mods/Zen-Tidy-Tabs

wow i just saw the screenshot and it looks good! i'll have a look at the code tomorrow, thank you!

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-11T11:24:09Z

Firefox does have an auto-grouping feature, might be worth to checkout how they do it:

https://searchfox.org/firefox-main/source/browser/components/tabbrowser/SmartTabGrouping.sys.mjs

12th-devs · 2025-11-11T11:27:49Z

Firefox does have an auto-grouping feature, might be worth to checkout how they do it:

https://searchfox.org/firefox-main/source/browser/components/tabbrowser/SmartTabGrouping.sys.mjs

~~That's the model I use in the script~~

Ignore this, two different things.

12th-devs · 2025-11-11T11:29:22Z

@matteomekhail I'm not sure if it could be any help, but I vibecoded a project like this that used two of the models Firefox uses to sort tabs (as I had the same issues as you with the other model) and had amazing results. I learned quite a lot about how it all worked in the process, so if I could help in any way, please feel free to reach out.

https://github.com/Vertex-Mods/Zen-Tidy-Tabs

wow i just saw the screenshot and it looks good! i'll have a look at the code tomorrow, thank you!

I might suggest feeding it the url along with the title when you give it to the naming model, and if possible the tabs history, as Arc seems to do that too. I can also provide the prompts that Arc uses, I will drop the link here when I find it.

This is all the prompts TBC uses in there AI stuff: https://github.com/neurokitti/Arc-genAI

matteomekhail · 2025-11-11T11:33:49Z

@matteomekhail I'm not sure if it could be any help, but I vibecoded a project like this that used two of the models Firefox uses to sort tabs (as I had the same issues as you with the other model) and had amazing results. I learned quite a lot about how it all worked in the process, so if I could help in any way, please feel free to reach out.

https://github.com/Vertex-Mods/Zen-Tidy-Tabs

wow i just saw the screenshot and it looks good! i'll have a look at the code tomorrow, thank you!

I might suggest feeding it the url along with the title when you give it to the naming model, and if possible the tabs history, as Arc seems to do that too. I can also provide the prompts that Arc uses, I will drop the link here when I find it.

This is all the prompts TBC uses in there AI stuff: https://github.com/neurokitti/Arc-genAI

Yep, I thought about that too, I also considered feeding the metadata from each tab’s meta tag, but that feels a bit over-engineered
The only issue I’ve found before with feeding the whole URL is that, on sites like YouTube, if a video has a title like “playing bla bla bla”, it treats it as if it were a playing website rather than a video player, and puts it in a different cluster.
I’ll try your solution tomorrow and see if I get the same behavior

Uses Firefox's smart-tab-embedding and smart-tab-topic models to cluster tabs by semantic similarity and generate category labels based on URLs, titles, and browsing history.

matteomekhail · 2025-11-12T06:09:06Z

I've implemented the solution using 12th suggestion, and it works much better now. It’s still not a perfect solution (ad example streaming instead of clothing, see video for reference) , but given the models available at the moment, I believe it’s the best possible solution, can always be upgraded later as smaller and better models will release and become available in Firefox.

Any suggestion to improve it is appreciate it! Tomorrow i'll make the UI look cleaner & add an animation while the model works

Attached is the video showing a demo

Screen.Recording.2025-11-12.at.17.07.27.mov

Thanks @12th-devs again :)

12th-devs · 2025-11-12T11:01:56Z

Yeah of course, glad it worked out!

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-23T16:17:02Z

Please let me know when its done for review!

matteomekhail · 2025-11-23T22:22:41Z

Please let me know when its done for review!

Sure it is ready now, Thank you!

src/browser/themes/shared/zen-icons/icons.css

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-23T22:47:33Z

src/zen/tabs/zen-tabs/vertical-tabs.css

+/* ==========================================================================
+   Tab Category Headers (for Group function)
+   ========================================================================== */
+.tabbrowser-tab[zen-category-first="true"] {


This looks quite hacky to be honest, why not use something like firefox's existing tab group implementation?

Well it would look like that and i'm not sure i like it? If you like it more i can leave it like that though

We can change the styles of those. Just make the background always transparent and make it use the color we use for tab groups basically

@matteomekhail if you need UI/UX for the tab groups, while it does not work anymore, an old project of mine ATG should help with both of those

I've just figure it out ahah,using the firefox group implementation it and changing the style it would look like that

Looks good for now

src/zen/workspaces/ZenWorkspace.mjs

src/zen/workspaces/ZenWorkspaces.mjs

src/zen/workspaces/zen-workspaces.css

src/zen/workspaces/ZenWorkspace.mjs

… category implementation

…ns for grouping, now like arc has the squiggly line, removed the spinner

mr-cheffy

Good, but instead of adding the new file to the jar manifest, better just make a new moz.build on that directory and declare it as a system module.

For example:

desktop/src/zen/common/moz.build

Line 6 in 886b559

"sys/ZenActorsManager.sys.mjs",

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-24T09:59:40Z

src/zen/tabs/zen-tabs/vertical-tabs.css


    &::before {
      border-inline-start: none;
    }
+
+    &::after {


I'd only define this element once data-grouping is enabled

Yep good idea, done

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-24T10:00:26Z

src/zen/ml/ZenTabsTidy.sys.mjs

+// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+const Services = globalThis.Services;


Services will always be global, we don't need this

Removed now, thanks

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-24T10:02:01Z

src/zen/ml/ZenTabsTidy.sys.mjs

+
+  try {
+    const { createEngine } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+      'chrome://global/content/ml/EngineProcess.sys.mjs'


Maybe lazyly load this module?

https://github.com/zen-browser/desktop/blob/dev/src/zen/urlbar/ZenUBActionsProvider.sys.mjs#L23-L30

Not sure i've done it correctly, please double check, but should work

mr-cheffy · 2025-11-24T10:04:14Z

src/zen/ml/ZenTabsTidy.sys.mjs

+    const keywords = extractKeywords(titles);
+    const domains = [...new Set(clusterData.map((data) => data.domain))].join(', ');
+
+    const prompt = `You are an expert organizer who creates concise, descriptive category names.


Not sure if this is the best way we should do it, specially since there might be some possible vulnerability by directly injecting the scripts. Firefox's implementation (https://searchfox.org/firefox-main/source/browser/components/tabbrowser/SmartTabGrouping.sys.mjs) doesn't do this, for example

I don't see any possibility to inject scripts here?
also i believe that firefox implementation is very similar, we both import createEngine, call the model, even tho it uses a much smaller prompt

can you please tell me what worries you exactly so i can fix it? or if you have some alternatives in mind?

…enhancing separator animations for grouping

…absTidy.sys.mjs

…inc.mn

matteomekhail requested a review from mr-cheffy as a code owner November 4, 2025 03:31

dosubot bot added size:L This PR changes 100-499 lines, ignoring generated files. Feature labels Nov 4, 2025

matteomekhail force-pushed the feature/group-tabs branch from a7fb22c to c8fb216 Compare November 4, 2025 05:03

dosubot bot added size:XXL This PR changes 1000+ lines, ignoring generated files. and removed size:L This PR changes 100-499 lines, ignoring generated files. labels Nov 4, 2025

matteomekhail force-pushed the feature/group-tabs branch from c8fb216 to a7fb22c Compare November 4, 2025 10:12

dosubot bot added size:L This PR changes 100-499 lines, ignoring generated files. and removed size:XXL This PR changes 1000+ lines, ignoring generated files. labels Nov 4, 2025

Merge branch 'dev' into feature/group-tabs

8c9babd

mr-cheffy marked this pull request as draft November 9, 2025 17:34

feat: AI-powered tab grouping with local ML models

9f05d11

Uses Firefox's smart-tab-embedding and smart-tab-topic models to cluster tabs by semantic similarity and generate category labels based on URLs, titles, and browsing history.

Starry-AXQG mentioned this pull request Nov 13, 2025

[Function Request] support to fold the context menu of links Starry-AXQG/Context-Menu-Icons#39

Closed

feat: enhance group tabs button UI with loading state and new icon

889b02e

matteomekhail marked this pull request as ready for review November 22, 2025 06:40

mr-cheffy marked this pull request as draft November 23, 2025 16:16

mr-cheffy marked this pull request as ready for review November 23, 2025 22:41

mr-cheffy requested changes Nov 23, 2025

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src/zen/workspaces/ZenWorkspace.mjs Show resolved Hide resolved

Removed unnecessary !important

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matteomekhail force-pushed the feature/group-tabs branch from 7c27f38 to 63d3439 Compare November 23, 2025 23:34

dosubot bot added size:XL This PR changes 500-999 lines, ignoring generated files. and removed size:XXL This PR changes 1000+ lines, ignoring generated files. labels Nov 23, 2025

matteomekhail added 4 commits November 24, 2025 17:15

Used nowfirefox's existing tab group implementation instead of custom…

fabc9f9

… category implementation

Icons separeted and not SVG inline now

e091e96

Fix: Moved the ML Logic to an extra file

77b45b3

feat: enhance vertical tabs UI with new separator styles and animatio…

56176ef

…ns for grouping, now like arc has the squiggly line, removed the spinner

mr-cheffy requested changes Nov 24, 2025

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matteomekhail added 4 commits November 25, 2025 11:30

refactor: update vertical tabs CSS by removing deprecated styles and …

dd44ef4

…enhancing separator animations for grouping

refactor: remove unused Services import from ZenTabsTidy.sys.mjs

8956cfb

refactor: optimize EngineProcess import by using lazy loading in ZenT…

c33c23c

…absTidy.sys.mjs

refactor: update ZenTabsTidy import path and clean up zen-assets.jar.…

4cf856e

…inc.mn

dosubot bot added size:XXL This PR changes 1000+ lines, ignoring generated files. and removed size:XL This PR changes 500-999 lines, ignoring generated files. labels Nov 25, 2025

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matteomekhail commented Nov 4, 2025 •

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