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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/almandine.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 7-7.5
sg: 4.05-4.30
ri: 1.78-1.81
ri: 1.76-1.81
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.024
lustre: Vitreous to resinous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/andesine.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ hardness: 6-6.5
sg: 2.65-2.69
ri: 1.543-1.553
birefringence: 0.008
optical_character: Biaxial -
optical_character: Biaxial +
lustre: Vitreous
cleavage: Perfect {001} and good {010}
fracture: Uneven to conchoidal
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/apatite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ chemistry: Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
category: Phosphates
hardness: 5
sg: 3.16-3.22
ri: 1.628-1.649
birefringence: 0.002-0.008
ri: 1.630-1.640
birefringence: 0.002-0.006
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.013
lustre: Vitreous to subresinous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/aquamarine.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ id: aquamarine
name: Aquamarine
crystal_system: hexagonal
point_group: 6/mmm
chemistry: Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Fe
chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18:Fe
mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5-8
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/beryl.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5-8
sg: 2.67-2.78
ri: 1.577-1.583
birefringence: 0.005-0.009
ri: 1.560-1.600
birefringence: 0.003-0.010
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.014
lustre: Vitreous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/bytownite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ hardness: 6-6.5
sg: 2.72-2.74
ri: 1.563-1.572
birefringence: 0.009
optical_character: Biaxial +
optical_character: Biaxial -
lustre: Vitreous
cleavage: Perfect {001} and good {010}
fracture: Uneven to conchoidal
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/chalcedony.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ category: Tectosilicates
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 2.58-2.64
ri: 1.530-1.540
birefringence: 0.004
birefringence: null
optical_character: Aggregate
lustre: Waxy to vitreous
cleavage: None
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/chrysoberyl.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ chemistry: BeAl2O4
mineral_group: Chrysoberyl Group
category: Oxides
hardness: 8.5
sg: 3.70-3.78
sg: 3.71-3.75
ri: 1.746-1.755
birefringence: 0.008-0.010
optical_character: Biaxial +
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/corundum.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ mineral_group: Corundum Group
category: Oxides
hardness: 9
sg: 3.99-4.01
ri: 1.762-1.770
birefringence: 0.008
ri: 1.760-1.778
birefringence: 0.008-0.009
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.018
lustre: Vitreous to adamantine
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/demantoid.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 3.82-3.85
ri: 1.888-1.889
ri: 1.880-1.895
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.057
lustre: Adamantine to vitreous
Expand All @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ treatments:
- Heat treatment (rare, can improve colour)
- Generally not treated
inclusions:
- Horsetail (byssolite/chrysotile fibres)
- Horsetail (chrysotile fibres)
- Diopside crystals
- Magnetite octahedra
localities:
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions data/source/minerals/diamond.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ category: Native Elements
hardness: 10
sg: 3.52
ri: 2.417
birefringence: 0
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.044
lustre: Adamantine
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9 changes: 5 additions & 4 deletions data/source/minerals/emerald.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ id: emerald
name: Emerald
crystal_system: hexagonal
point_group: 6/mmm
chemistry: Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Cr
chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18:Cr
mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5
hardness: 7.5-8
sg: 2.72
ri: 1.577-1.583
birefringence: 0.006
ri: 1.565-1.600
birefringence: 0.005-0.009
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.014
lustre: Vitreous
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ localities:
- Zambia
- Brazil
- Ethiopia
- Zimbabwe (Sandawana)
expressions:
- slug: default
name: Emerald
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/grossular.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 3.57-3.73
ri: 1.73-1.76
ri: 1.73-1.75
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.027
lustre: Vitreous to resinous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/heliodor.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ id: heliodor
name: Heliodor
crystal_system: hexagonal
point_group: 6/mmm
chemistry: Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Fe3+
chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18:Fe3+
mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5-8
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/kunzite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ point_group: 2/m
chemistry: LiAlSi2O6:Mn
mineral_group: Spodumene Group
category: Inosilicates
hardness: 6.5
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 3.15-3.21
ri: 1.660-1.676
birefringence: 0.014-0.016
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/kyanite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ crystal_system: triclinic
point_group: '-1'
chemistry: Al2SiO5
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 4-7 (variable)
hardness: 4.5-5 (parallel) / 6.5-7 (perpendicular)
sg: 3.53-3.68
ri: 1.716-1.731
birefringence: 0.012-0.017
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/labradorite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ hardness: 6-6.5
sg: 2.69-2.72
ri: 1.559-1.568
birefringence: 0.008-0.010
optical_character: Biaxial +
optical_character: Biaxial -
dispersion: 0.012
lustre: Vitreous to pearly
cleavage: Perfect in two directions at ~90 degrees
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/morganite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ id: morganite
name: Morganite
crystal_system: hexagonal
point_group: 6/mmm
chemistry: Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Mn
chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18:Mn
mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5-8
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/opal.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ chemistry: SiO2.nH2O
category: Mineraloid
hardness: 5.5-6.5
sg: 1.98-2.25
ri: 1.37-1.47
ri: 1.40-1.47
birefringence: null
optical_character: Isotropic
lustre: Vitreous to resinous
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/padparadscha.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ chemistry: Al2O3
mineral_group: Corundum Group
category: Oxides
hardness: 9
sg: 3.99-4.02
sg: 3.99-4.01
ri: 1.762-1.770
birefringence: 0.008
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.018
lustre: Adamantine to vitreous
cleavage: None (parting on {0001} and {10-11})
fracture: Conchoidal
fracture: Conchoidal to uneven
fluorescence: Moderate orange-pink (LWUV)
pleochroism: Moderate
pleochroism_strength: moderate
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/peridot.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ point_group: mmm
chemistry: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4
mineral_group: Olivine Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 6.5
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 3.27-3.37
ri: 1.654-1.690
birefringence: 0.035-0.038
optical_character: Biaxial +
optical_character: Biaxial +/-
dispersion: 0.02
lustre: Vitreous to oily
cleavage: Poor
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/pink-sapphire.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ chemistry: Al2O3
mineral_group: Corundum Group
category: Oxides
hardness: 9
sg: 3.99-4.02
sg: 3.99-4.01
ri: 1.762-1.770
birefringence: 0.008
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.018
lustre: Adamantine to vitreous
cleavage: None (parting on {0001} and {10-11})
fracture: Conchoidal
fracture: Conchoidal to uneven
fluorescence: Moderate to strong pink-red (LWUV)
pleochroism: Moderate
pleochroism_strength: moderate
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/pyrope.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ chemistry: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 7-7.5
sg: 3.51-3.65
sg: 3.65-3.80
ri: 1.74-1.76
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.022
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions data/source/minerals/red-beryl.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ id: red-beryl
name: Red Beryl
crystal_system: hexagonal
point_group: 6/mmm
chemistry: Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Mn3+
chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18:Mn3+
mineral_group: Beryl Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7.5-8
sg: 2.66-2.70
ri: 1.564-1.574
ri: 1.568-1.580
birefringence: 0.005-0.009
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.014
Expand All @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ treatments:
- Generally not treated (rarity)
inclusions:
- Two-phase inclusions
- Bixbyite crystite crystals
- Bixbyite crystals
- Growth tubes
- Liquid feathers
localities:
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/rose-quartz.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ hardness: 7
sg: '2.65'
ri: 1.544-1.553
birefringence: 0.009
optical_character: Uniaxial +
optical_character: Aggregate (massive); Uniaxial + (rare crystals)
dispersion: 0.013
lustre: Vitreous
cleavage: None
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/ruby.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ birefringence: 0.008
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.018
lustre: Vitreous to adamantine
cleavage: None (parting on {0001})
cleavage: None (parting on {10-11} and {0001})
fracture: Conchoidal to uneven
fluorescence: "Moderate to strong red (LWUV); weaker under SWUV"
diagnostic_features: "Strong red fluorescence (LWUV); silk (rutile needles at 60°); absorption at 694nm doublet"
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/sanidine.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ri: 1.518-1.527
birefringence: 0.007
optical_character: Biaxial -
lustre: Vitreous
cleavage: Perfect {001} and good {010}
cleavage: Perfect {001} and {010} at ~90°
fracture: Uneven to conchoidal
colors:
- Colorless
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/spessartine.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 7-7.5
sg: 4.12-4.20
ri: 1.79-1.81
ri: 1.79-1.82
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.027
lustre: Vitreous to resinous
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/sphene.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ chemistry: CaTiSiO5
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 5-5.5
sg: 3.52-3.54
ri: 1.900-2.034
birefringence: 0.100-0.160
ri: 1.880-2.034
birefringence: 0.105-0.135
optical_character: Biaxial +
dispersion: 0.051
lustre: Adamantine to resinous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/spinel.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ chemistry: MgAl2O4
category: Oxides
hardness: 8
sg: 3.58-3.61
ri: 1.712-1.720
ri: 1.712-1.740
birefringence: null
optical_character: Isotropic
dispersion: 0.02
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/tanzanite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ crystal_system: orthorhombic
point_group: mmm
chemistry: Ca2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH):V
category: Sorosilicates
hardness: 6.5
hardness: 6-7
sg: 3.10-3.38
ri: 1.691-1.700
birefringence: 0.008-0.013
birefringence: 0.006-0.013
optical_character: Biaxial +
dispersion: 0.021
lustre: Vitreous
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/topaz.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ chemistry: Al2SiO4(F,OH)2
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 8
sg: 3.50-3.57
ri: 1.619-1.627
birefringence: 0.008
ri: 1.610-1.640
birefringence: 0.008-0.010
optical_character: Biaxial +
dispersion: 0.014
lustre: Vitreous
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions data/source/minerals/tourmaline.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ mineral_group: Tourmaline Group
category: Cyclosilicates
hardness: 7-7.5
sg: 3.01-3.11
ri: 1.620-1.640
birefringence: 0.018
ri: 1.620-1.650
birefringence: 0.014-0.021
optical_character: Uniaxial -
dispersion: 0.017
lustre: Vitreous
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion data/source/minerals/tsavorite.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ point_group: m3m
chemistry: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3:V,Cr
mineral_group: Garnet Group
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 7-7.5
hardness: 6.5-7
sg: 3.61
ri: 1.74
optical_character: Isotropic
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10 changes: 7 additions & 3 deletions data/source/minerals/zircon.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -4,9 +4,13 @@ crystal_system: tetragonal
point_group: 4/mmm
chemistry: ZrSiO4
category: Nesosilicates
hardness: 7.5
sg: 4.6-4.7
ri: 1.925-1.984
hardness: 6.0-7.5
sg: 3.9-4.7
ri: 1.78-1.99
notes: |
Two populations: high (crystalline) ri 1.925-1.984, sg 4.6-4.7,
hardness 7.5; low (metamict) ri 1.78-1.85, sg 3.9-4.1, hardness ~6.0.
Green/heated stones often metamict.
birefringence: 0.059
optical_character: Uniaxial +
dispersion: 0.039
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