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Replication Studies

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LC_Linkous edited this page Feb 24, 2025 · 10 revisions

Replication studies are a core component of AntennaCAT! This page is an overview of the replication studies included in the current version of the AntennaCAT software, their sources, and some general information about the topologies. When possible, the default values are set to the optimized or experimental solutions from the source publication.

Table of Contents

Calculation and Replication

Three of the replication studies compliment the internal calculator.

Rectangular Patch

Parameter Default Value Usage
Feed Method microstrip Feed method of the patch. microstrip or probe
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 80 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 100 mm Total substrate width
Dielectric Constant 4.4 Updated by Substrate Material drop down menu, not used for calculation
Length 29.44 mm Length of patch conductor
Width 38.04 mm Width of patch conductor
X0 11.32 mm Feed inset, length dimension
Y0 19.02 mm Feed inset, width dimension
Gap 1 mm If microstrip, channel between strip and patch
Strip Width 3.06 mm If microstrip, width of feed strip

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.


Half Wave Dipole

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Total Length 60 mm Total length of the dipole
Wire Radius 1 mm Radius of the wire
Feed Gap 5 mm The space between the two halves of the dipole

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.


Quarter Wave Monopole

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Wire Radius .15 mm The radius of the wire
Ground plane Radius 75 mm The radius of the ground plane. Conductive material only, no substrate
Feed Gap 1.5 mm The space between the wire and the ground plane

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.


Planar

E

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Distance from Ground plane 15 mm length of the feed, distance between E and ground plane. No substrate
Ground plane Length 125 mm Total ground plane length
Ground plane Width 125 mm Total ground plane width
Length 30 mm Primary length of conductor
Width 30 mm Primary width of conductor
X 0 mm offset of feed from origin in X direction (Length direction)
Ps 7.5 mm distance var
Ls 20 mm distance var
Ws 5 mm distance var

Publication Reference:

  1. A. Z. Hood and E. Topsakal, "Particle swarm optimization for dual-band implantable antennas," 2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Honolulu, HI, USA, 2007, pp. 3209-3212, doi: 10.1109/APS.2007.4396219.
  2. N. Jin and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Parallel particle swarm optimization and finite- difference time-domain (PSO/FDTD) algorithm for multiband and wide-band patch antenna designs," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53, no. 11, pp. 3459-3468, Nov. 2005, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2005.858842.

Slotted Rectangular Patch

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 125 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 150 mm Total substrate width
Length 60.45 mm Primary length of conductor
Width 65.96 mm Primary width of conductor
fx 22.43 mm feed X
fy 7.69 mm feed Y
Lr 6.82 mm distance var
Lv 22.85 mm distance var
Wr 6.45 mm distance var
Lh 54.1 mm distance var
Pr -5.21 mm distance var
Wu 7.04 mm distance var

Publication Reference:

  1. A. Aldhafeeri and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Brain Storm Optimization for Electromagnetic Applications: Continuous and Discrete," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 2710-2722, April 2019, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2019.2894318.

Dual Band Serpentine

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Lsub 22.5 mm Total substrate length
Wsub 22.5 mm Total substrate width
Lp 22.0 mm distance var
Wp 17.75 mm distance var
Ps1 -7.0 mm distance var
Ls1 19.1 mm distance var
Ws1 2.7 mm distance var
Px 0.2 mm distance var
Ps2 -3.9 mm distance var
Ls2 20.1 mm distance var
Ws2 0.5 mm distance var
Py 0.2 mm distance var
Ps3 0.5 mm distance var
Ls3 18.0 mm distance var
Ws3 2.0 mm distance var
Fy 0.1 mm distance var
Ps4 3.5 mm distance var
Ls4 17.5 mm distance var
Ws4 0.6 mm distance var
Lc 09.6 mm distance var

Publication Reference:

  1. T. Karacolak, A. Z. Hood and E. Topsakal, "Design of a Dual-Band Implantable Antenna and Development of Skin Mimicking Gels for Continuous Glucose Monitoring," in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 1001-1008, April 2008, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2008.919373.

Planar Bowtie

This design is based on the equations from: C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.
Variable Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 100 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 150 mm Total substrate width
Feed Width 3 mm Width of the feed strip
Gap Distance 2.582 mm Gap between the two halves of bowtie
Width 46.875 mm Width of one half of conductor (one triangle)
Length 31.25 mm Length of one half conductor (one triangle)

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.

Two Arm Square Spiral

Variable Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 150 mm Total substrate length, centered at origin
Substrate Width 150 mm Total substrate width, centered at origin
Initial Width 10 mm The width of the first segment from the feed
Initial Length 10 mm The length of the first segment from the feed
Strip Width 2 mm strip width of the arms of the spiral
Spacing 4.5 mm space between the arms
Feed X 0 mm offset from origin
Feed Y 0 mm offset from origin

Publication Reference: [1] This initial design is based off of the simple version of the spiral at https://www.mathworks.com/help/antenna/ref/spiralrectangular.html . Other replicated spirals use more parameters, including the number of turns.


Loops and Coils

Coplanar Keyhole

Variable Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 50 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 50 mm Total substrate width
Outer Radius 17.6 mm Radius of the outside of the outer loop
Inner Radius 2.1 mm Radius of the outside of the inner part of the keyhole antenna
Feed Width 4 mm Width of the feed strip for both the inner and outer parts
Feed Length 29.0 mm Length of the inset of the inner conductor

Publication Reference:

  1. U. Hasni and E. Topsakal, "Wearable Antennas for On-Body Motion Detection," 2020 IEEE USNC-CNC-URSI North American Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium), Montreal, QC, Canada, 2020, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.23919/USNC/URSI49741.2020.9321663.
  2. U. Hasni, M. E. Piper, J. Lundquist and E. Topsakal, "Screen-Printed Fabric Antennas for Wearable Applications," in IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2, pp. 591-598, 2021, doi: 10.1109/OJAP.2021.3070919.

Circular Loop

Variable Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 50 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 50 mm Total substrate width
Outer Radius 12 mm Outer radius of the loop
Inner Radius 10 mm inner radius of the loop
Loop Inset 15 mm Length of the feed lines
Gap Distance 1.5 mm Distance of gap between the feed lines
Feed Width 3 mm Width of the feed line

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.


Square Loop

Variable Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.6 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 50 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 50 mm Total substrate width
Length 15 mm Primary length of conductor
Width 15 mm Primary width of conductor
Feed Width 3 mm Width of the feed strip of the loop
Gap Distance 1.5 mm Distance of the gap of the feed

Publication Reference: This design is based on those mentioned : C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2016.


Double-sided

Double Sided Bowtie

Parameter Default Value Usage
Conductor Material copper Conductor material selected from internal library
Substrate Material FR4_epoxy Substrate material selected from internal library
Substrate Height 1.27 mm Physical height or thickness of substrate
Substrate Length 36 mm Total substrate length
Substrate Width 36 mm Total substrate width
W2 1.87 mm distance var
W3 2.8 mm distance var
W4 2.6 mm distance var
W5 1.4 mm distance var
W6 2.3 mm distance var
W7 9 mm distance var
W8 1 mm distance var
L2 6 mm distance var
L3 4.6 mm distance var
L4 11.9 mm distance var
L5 3.2 mm distance var
L6 12 mm distance var
L7 0.8 mm distance var

Publication Reference:

  1. T. Karacolak and E. Topsakal, "A Double-Sided Rounded Bow-Tie Antenna (DSRBA) for UWB Communication," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 5, pp. 446-449, 2006, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2006.885013.

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