feat(toolchains): Add latest Python versions

[Ahajha]

Per request in #3330 (comment)

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

Hello @Ahajha, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request expands the available Python toolchain versions by integrating several new patch releases. This update ensures that users have access to the most recent stable and secure Python versions for their development environments, keeping the toolchains up-to-date with the latest official releases.

Highlights

• New Python Versions Added: This pull request introduces support for several new Python patch versions across multiple minor releases, specifically 3.9.24, 3.10.19, 3.11.14, 3.12.12, and 3.13.8.
• Toolchain Updates: The python/versions.bzl file has been updated to include the url and sha256 hashes for these new Python versions across various platforms, ensuring their availability as toolchains.
• Minor Version Mapping: The MINOR_MAPPING in python/versions.bzl has been updated to point to these newly added versions as the latest stable releases for their respective minor Python branches (3.9 through 3.13).

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request adds definitions for several new Python versions to the toolchain. The changes are straightforward and look good. My review includes a few suggestions to sort the keys in the newly added dictionaries to improve maintainability and consistency with the rest of the file.

[gemini-code-assist]

For consistency and maintainability, please sort the keys in this sha256 dictionary alphabetically.

Suggested change

	"sha256": {
	"aarch64-apple-darwin": "29ec457de1b5765eeade189efbe27e2b1f8c7a96e4b79471b7d41a18094b1870",
	"aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "d46c18f9da8a673cc55de55d8cfb8ed3164849eac50edc222985b60a9eda3be3",
	"ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "fd395aa11d82a48bfe3cfdfcd41759ee4b65b3d1de67466329aaef284164650b",
	"riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "c3b529408c176a222c863c1810ee6a635a7e9deb5f2c73c425181a2383d7da2a",
	"s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "ade377b4668e4a03bd0c2a5316c079b8c0d2d63db7ecd05f24715309c4efb298",
	"x86_64-apple-darwin": "ae375cd49fecfc3aecbf942544c34a1c5251f2c2f9b19e0e2b889a9113ccfa62",
	"x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "58a2571b5268fc7891e28cab01f23c3561ef5bc146f1314e32ba32a06754442b",
	"aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "67600a84ba1cf43a826a31c1dbb144b987a6b4627f6e5fb3d34a54511c356187",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "848789e630ada4012e64ac744a3f4a8342b975d69f9608c460bdf9f370fa1d30",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "fed38a53fdff4327295f052a2970692ca194e53444843b5f91bd478c7ffed1ba",
	},
	"sha256": {
	"aarch64-apple-darwin": "29ec457de1b5765eeade189efbe27e2b1f8c7a96e4b79471b7d41a18094b1870",
	"aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "67600a84ba1cf43a826a31c1dbb144b987a6b4627f6e5fb3d34a54511c356187",
	"aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "d46c18f9da8a673cc55de55d8cfb8ed3164849eac50edc222985b60a9eda3be3",
	"ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "fd395aa11d82a48bfe3cfdfcd41759ee4b65b3d1de67466329aaef284164650b",
	"riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "c3b529408c176a222c863c1810ee6a635a7e9deb5f2c73c425181a2383d7da2a",
	"s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "ade377b4668e4a03bd0c2a5316c079b8c0d2d63db7ecd05f24715309c4efb298",
	"x86_64-apple-darwin": "ae375cd49fecfc3aecbf942544c34a1c5251f2c2f9b19e0e2b889a9113ccfa62",
	"x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "58a2571b5268fc7891e28cab01f23c3561ef5bc146f1314e32ba32a06754442b",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "848789e630ada4012e64ac744a3f4a8342b975d69f9608c460bdf9f370fa1d30",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "fed38a53fdff4327295f052a2970692ca194e53444843b5f91bd478c7ffed1ba",
	},

[gemini-code-assist]

For consistency and maintainability, please sort the keys in this sha256 dictionary alphabetically.

Suggested change

	"sha256": {
	"aarch64-apple-darwin": "2577a2629c89b3ff40dc16271cc8826d9ae20217e5a3189bbc7646b496e77687",
	"aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "21bcf71dccb56ef611f50543b04e63e6585ac063463f2d248cb4ec28118d264d",
	"aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "a36719b442c22488f1ef7caea68943cf0c8dd367330fa5baac3cab4168a8e66a",
	"ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "782fbe38b63216cce3fdc4c7a2da86337ccef615fa9384acba7457ef17ad96a2",
	"riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "c9bbb36a75466386497a38db0f9f707e63aaa8bae38c64d55683242d9b5b56a6",
	"s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "90e3f010692e65425cb503ae789e0ffefb3b5962b83e21d7c642d34cf056d48b",
	"x86_64-apple-darwin": "c9fb9ab36c742f14388fd5b6a67cab5e6e1726b52624dafbd37d0176ad1752e1",
	"x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "c110c11de4299b0273caa99a1c7b895427c9441a231b3124bf5228a2e463ef43",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "fbf55136d0f955ca2f93aeb7830f993d93acf1b9a729a15c3b6b5220a36bc835",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "bffd28435d28d55b33e0b90a5521b0220fe38c5ff67b2706cbc9ceb32af0e4a7",
	},
	"sha256": {
	"aarch64-apple-darwin": "2577a2629c89b3ff40dc16271cc8826d9ae20217e5a3189bbc7646b496e77687",
	"aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "a36719b442c22488f1ef7caea68943cf0c8dd367330fa5baac3cab4168a8e66a",
	"aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "21bcf71dccb56ef611f50543b04e63e6585ac063463f2d248cb4ec28118d264d",
	"ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "782fbe38b63216cce3fdc4c7a2da86337ccef615fa9384acba7457ef17ad96a2",
	"riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "c9bbb36a75466386497a38db0f9f707e63aaa8bae38c64d55683242d9b5b56a6",
	"s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "90e3f010692e65425cb503ae789e0ffefb3b5962b83e21d7c642d34cf056d48b",
	"x86_64-apple-darwin": "c9fb9ab36c742f14388fd5b6a67cab5e6e1726b52624dafbd37d0176ad1752e1",
	"x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "c110c11de4299b0273caa99a1c7b895427c9441a231b3124bf5228a2e463ef43",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "fbf55136d0f955ca2f93aeb7830f993d93acf1b9a729a15c3b6b5220a36bc835",
	"x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "bffd28435d28d55b33e0b90a5521b0220fe38c5ff67b2706cbc9ceb32af0e4a7",
	},

[gemini-code-assist]

For consistency and maintainability, please sort the keys in the sha256 and strip_prefix dictionaries alphabetically.

        "sha256": {
            "aarch64-apple-darwin": "0dc9061b9d8e02a9344aa569eecb795f41f16ac8bb215f973d8db9179700e296",
            "aarch64-apple-darwin-freethreaded": "0b7a80716c2557800d8e3133744b9e913476d259cea0160dd8597e58284a5a1c",
            "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "430d9073f22c744d6ea8c224d7b458a6be3620f9bd2389068908c214ea4423f8",
            "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc-freethreaded": "187b962d84af18d22f67e069776dff61a223271ae11f44507cfd8693430c03c4",
            "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "1b9af3c628cdbef3b9eb4c61df628bbc54f4684ace147f3dc9850c336c44c125",
            "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "5cf655065b59493d39235fec0e30c33a5196bb01cf74cef50907a4f18c8ef02a",
            "ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "c3bae08423519b5224bfc87323b96381bdb9c589fbdc09cd3ce289f6c1ea4ed3",
            "ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "dbae65b6e747537939c3f2804077bb4e49f528850e68800d54b0e8c4b7768fab",
            "riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "e8be781bfaf5ad6b83094db96dd60d7dfcd4519f6550740354b4ea57acfbfa21",
            "riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "10390b394f76cb14c808b5c87de37189bc72796e55a55e6e5aca83e4615dd5ca",
            "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "3c9faf91356d06b4cc993487a71915e7a0585aa592691f6afe8841188e024653",
            "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "7e9d32fae045cefe950d8f95ddf1824edc232d1c67b4cdd55ecec5042f05727d",
            "x86_64-apple-darwin": "e3b692599bb3c247a2f95c21577f8b85b70924a5f2d672c9e0005608d7b9c907",
            "x86_64-apple-darwin-freethreaded": "1112caf275e374fbe629c3fde265f1e7675b21553f1607085cedc821d184a4aa",
            "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "1dde7aab47a52e81b6bd3f7d1bc5fa2f3c9e428eb5f54f51e8b92ae0a3e2409f",
            "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-freethreaded": "d4b83250fe9fea9563b2fb79111d4af072279b690507ddb14df11f617fd57f7e",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "12dd8995e8ec2df68cd1301b053f415c7884b8aae9d3459a2ac1448f781dbbbc",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "714eec8f42eb023d0c9ed289115d52e96ce73dac7464a5d242b0988eeda90b56",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "fbf17b5acd1a33a7a0a6bcabab7065f3adc3de77efbc230555a5019843070b1d",
        },
        "strip_prefix": {
            "aarch64-apple-darwin": "python",
            "aarch64-apple-darwin-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc": "python",
            "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu": "python",
            "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu": "python",
            "ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu": "python",
            "riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu": "python",
            "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "x86_64-apple-darwin": "python",
            "x86_64-apple-darwin-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc": "python",
            "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu": "python",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-freethreaded": "python/install",
            "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl": "python",
        },

[aignas]

I think the CI failures require a few modifications in //tests/python/...

[Ahajha]

Thanks for fixing this up!