✨ feat: add amazon-linux-2023 ami lookup parameters for ssm

[matzegebbe]

What type of PR is this?

/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:

This PR adds support for Amazon Linux 2023 AMI lookup in the EKS optimized AMI workflow. It ensures compatibility with the latest Amazon Linux 2023 and its GPU variant, enabling users to leverage these AMIs for their EKS clusters.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
Fixes #5516

Special notes for your reviewer:

• The EKSAMILookupType has been extended to include AmazonLinux2023 and AmazonLinux2023GPU.
• Updated the SSM parameter lookup logic to handle the new AMI types.

Checklist:

• squashed commits
• includes documentation
• includes emoji in title ✨
• adds unit tests
• adds or updates e2e tests

Release note:

✨ Added support for Amazon Linux 2023 and Amazon Linux 2023 GPU AMI lookup in EKS optimized AMI workflow.

[linux-foundation-easycla]

The committers listed above are authorized under a signed CLA.

• ✅ login: matzegebbe / name: Mathias Gebbe (f9f988e, 82768b0, 75fed77)

[k8s-ci-robot]

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[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @matzegebbe. Thanks for your PR.

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[afarbos]

This is important to enable the use of K8S/EKS 1.33.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/kubernetes-versions-standard.html

AWS is not releasing an EKS-optimized Amazon Linux 2 AMI for Kubernetes 1.33.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/kubernetes-versions-standard.html#al2-ami-deprecation

For Kubernetes versions 1.33 and later, EKS will not provide pre-built optimized Amazon Linux 2 (AL2) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs).

[richardcase]

/ok-to-test

[richardcase]

/approve

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: richardcase

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[matzegebbe]

I will fix asap

[matzegebbe]

/retest

[matzegebbe]

/retest

[richardcase]

/test pull-cluster-api-provider-aws-e2e-blocking

[dlipovetsky]

Failure appears related to infrastructure, not the PR.

/retest

[dlipovetsky]

The release note markdown block was missing the ending quotes. I added them.

[dlipovetsky]

/lgtm

[k8s-ci-robot]

LGTM label has been added.

Git tree hash: 945a0f4d1080a99da479f2fb2941fb1bb8771877

[dlipovetsky]

/cherrypick release-2.8

[k8s-infra-cherrypick-robot]

@dlipovetsky: new pull request created: #5555

In response to this:

/cherrypick release-2.8

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