Add excludeTasks param to runGradleCheck

[cwperks]

Description

Alternative to #812.

This PR is part of a series of 3:

• Extract some workflow steps to Github and exclude from Jenkins runner OpenSearch#20946
• Add -e (--exclude-tasks) param to gradle-check.sh opensearch-build#6043
• Add excludeTasks param to runGradleCheck #814

This PR adds an excludeTasks param to runGradleCheck to allow core to pass a comma-separated lists of tasks to exclude.

i.e.

bash opensearch-build/scripts/gradle/gradle-check.sh \
  -t ${{ secrets.JENKINS_GRADLE_CHECK_GENERIC_WEBHOOK_TOKEN }} \
  -u ${{ secrets.JENKINS_GITHUB_USER }} \
  -p ${{ secrets.JENKINS_GITHUB_USER_TOKEN }} \
  -e ":plugins:repository-azure:check,:plugins:repository-gcs:check"

Issues Resolved

Related to: opensearch-project/OpenSearch#19378

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