qutip · albertomercurio · Jun 2, 2025 · May 28, 2025 · May 28, 2025 · May 28, 2025
diff --git a/Project.toml b/Project.toml
@@ -64,11 +64,4 @@ SparseArrays = "1"
 SpecialFunctions = "2"
 StaticArraysCore = "1"
 StochasticDiffEq = "6"
-Test = "1"
 julia = "1.10"
-
-[extras]
-Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
-
-[targets]
-test = ["Test"]
diff --git a/docs/src/resources/contributing.md b/docs/src/resources/contributing.md
@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ The tests are divided into several test groups, where the group names are define
 make GROUP=Core test
 ```
 
+### [Test Item Framework for Core tests](@id doc-Contribute:Test-Item-Framework-for-Core-tests)
+
+The tests in `GROUP=Core` are provided using the [Test Item Framework](https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/userguide/testitems/), which structures the test codes into `@testitems` and makes it easier to run individually.
+
+The [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) and its [Julia extension](https://www.julia-vscode.org/) provides us with options to run individual `@testitems`. It is much easier to find the specific core test that failed since the [Julia extension](https://www.julia-vscode.org/) in [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) will collect all core test failures and then display them in a structured way, directly at the place in the code where a specific core test failed. See [here](https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/userguide/testitems/) for more details.
+
 ## [Julia Code Format](@id doc-Contribute:Julia-Code-Format)
 
 We use [`JuliaFormatter.jl`](https://github.com/domluna/JuliaFormatter.jl) to format all the source codes. The code style and extra formatting options is defined in the file `.JuliaFormatter.toml` in the repository.

diff --git a/src/qobj/quantum_object_base.jl b/src/qobj/quantum_object_base.jl
@@ -30,41 +30,53 @@
 """
 struct Bra <: QuantumObjectType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::Bra) = print(io, "Bra()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     Ket <: QuantumObjectType
 
 Constructor representing a ket state ``|\psi\rangle``.
 """
 struct Ket <: QuantumObjectType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::Ket) = print(io, "Ket()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     Operator <: QuantumObjectType
 
 Constructor representing an operator ``\hat{O}``.
 """
 struct Operator <: QuantumObjectType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::Operator) = print(io, "Operator()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     SuperOperator <: SuperOperatorType
 
 Constructor representing a super-operator ``\hat{\mathcal{O}}`` acting on vectorized density operator matrices.
 """
 struct SuperOperator <: SuperOperatorType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::SuperOperator) = print(io, "SuperOperator()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     OperatorBra <: QuantumObjectType
 
 Constructor representing a bra state in the [`SuperOperator`](@ref) formalism ``\langle\langle\rho|``.
 """
 struct OperatorBra <: QuantumObjectType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::OperatorBra) = print(io, "OperatorBra()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     OperatorKet <: QuantumObjectType
 
 Constructor representing a ket state in the [`SuperOperator`](@ref) formalism ``|\rho\rangle\rangle``.
 """
 struct OperatorKet <: QuantumObjectType end
 
+Base.show(io::IO, ::OperatorKet) = print(io, "OperatorKet()")
+
 @doc raw"""
     size(A::AbstractQuantumObject)
     size(A::AbstractQuantumObject, idx::Int)

diff --git a/test/Project.toml b/test/Project.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[deps]
+LinearAlgebra = "37e2e46d-f89d-539d-b4ee-838fcccc9c8e"
+Pkg = "44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f"
+Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
+SciMLOperators = "c0aeaf25-5076-4817-a8d5-81caf7dfa961"
+SparseArrays = "2f01184e-e22b-5df5-ae63-d93ebab69eaf"
+StaticArraysCore = "1e83bf80-4336-4d27-bf5d-d5a4f845583c"
+Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
+TestItemRunner = "f8b46487-2199-4994-9208-9a1283c18c0a"
+
+[compat]
+Pkg = "1"
+Test = "1"
+TestItemRunner = "1"
diff --git a/test/core-test/block_diagonal_form.jl b/test/core-test/block_diagonal_form.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Block Diagonal Form" begin
+@testitem "Block Diagonal Form" begin
     # Block Diagonal Form
     N = 20
     Δ = 0

diff --git a/test/core-test/code-quality/Project.toml b/test/core-test/code-quality/Project.toml
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 Aqua = "4c88cf16-eb10-579e-8560-4a9242c79595"
 JET = "c3a54625-cd67-489e-a8e7-0a5a0ff4e31b"
 QuantumToolbox = "6c2fb7c5-b903-41d2-bc5e-5a7c320b9fab"
+Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
 
 [compat]
 Aqua = "0.8"

diff --git a/test/core-test/correlations_and_spectrum.jl b/test/core-test/correlations_and_spectrum.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Correlations and Spectrum" begin
+@testitem "Correlations and Spectrum" begin
     N = 10
     Id = qeye(N)
     a = destroy(N)

diff --git a/test/core-test/dynamical-shifted-fock.jl b/test/core-test/dynamical-shifted-fock.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Dynamical Shifted Fock" begin
+@testitem "Dynamical Shifted Fock" begin
     F = 3
     Δ = 0.25
     κ = 1

diff --git a/test/core-test/dynamical_fock_dimension_mesolve.jl b/test/core-test/dynamical_fock_dimension_mesolve.jl
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ### DYNAMICAL FOCK DIMENSION ###
-@testset "Dynamical Fock Dimension" begin
+@testitem "Dynamical Fock Dimension" begin
     F, Δ, κ = 5, 0.25, 1
     t_l = range(0, 15, length = 100)
 

diff --git a/test/core-test/eigenvalues_and_operators.jl b/test/core-test/eigenvalues_and_operators.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Eigenvalues and Operators" begin
+@testitem "Eigenvalues and Operators" begin
     σx = sigmax()
     result = eigenstates(σx, sparse = false)
     λd, ψd, Td = result

diff --git a/test/core-test/entropy_and_metric.jl b/test/core-test/entropy_and_metric.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "entropy" begin
+@testitem "entropy" begin
     base = 2
     λ = rand()
     ψ = rand_ket(10)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
     end
 end
 
-@testset "entanglement and concurrence" begin
+@testitem "entanglement and concurrence" begin
     # bell state
     ψb = bell_state(Val(1), Val(0))
     ρb = ket2dm(ψb)
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ end
     end
 end
 
-@testset "trace and Hilbert-Schmidt distance" begin
+@testitem "trace and Hilbert-Schmidt distance" begin
     ψz0 = basis(2, 0)
     ψz1 = basis(2, 1)
     ρz0 = to_sparse(ket2dm(ψz0))
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ end
     end
 end
 
-@testset "fidelity, Bures metric, and Hellinger distance" begin
+@testitem "fidelity, Bures metric, and Hellinger distance" begin
     M0 = rand_dm(5)
     ψ1 = rand_ket(5)
     ψ2 = rand_ket(5)

diff --git a/test/core-test/generalized_master_equation.jl b/test/core-test/generalized_master_equation.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-@testset "Generalized Master Equation" begin
+@testitem "Generalized Master Equation" begin
+    using LinearAlgebra
+
     N_c = 30
     N_trunc = 10
     tol = 1e-14

diff --git a/test/core-test/low_rank_dynamics.jl b/test/core-test/low_rank_dynamics.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-@testset "Low Rank Dynamics" begin
+@testitem "Low Rank Dynamics" begin
+    using LinearAlgebra
+
     # Define lattice
     Nx, Ny = 2, 3
     latt = Lattice(Nx = Nx, Ny = Ny)
@@ -14,12 +16,12 @@
 
     i = 1
     for j in 1:N_modes
-        i += 1
+        global i += 1
         i <= M && (ϕ[i] = multisite_operator(latt, j => sigmap()) * ϕ[1])
     end
     for k in 1:(N_modes-1)
         for l in (k+1):N_modes
-            i += 1
+            global i += 1
             i <= M && (ϕ[i] = multisite_operator(latt, k => sigmap(), l => sigmap()) * ϕ[1])
         end
     end

diff --git a/test/core-test/negativity_and_partial_transpose.jl b/test/core-test/negativity_and_partial_transpose.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Negativity and Partial Transpose" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "Negativity and Partial Transpose" begin
     @testset "negativity" begin
         rho = (1 / 40) * Qobj(
             [

diff --git a/test/core-test/progress_bar.jl b/test/core-test/progress_bar.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Progress Bar" begin
+@testitem "Progress Bar" begin
     bar_width = 30
     strLength = 67 + bar_width # including "\r" in the beginning of the string
     prog = ProgressBar(bar_width, enable = true, bar_width = bar_width, interval = 0.2)

diff --git a/test/core-test/quantum_objects.jl b/test/core-test/quantum_objects.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-@testset "Quantum Objects" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "Quantum Objects" begin
+    using LinearAlgebra
+    using SparseArrays
+    using StaticArraysCore
+
     # ArgumentError: type is incompatible with vector or matrix
     @testset "ArgumentError" begin
         a = rand(ComplexF64, 2)

diff --git a/test/core-test/quantum_objects_evo.jl b/test/core-test/quantum_objects_evo.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-@testset "Quantum Objects Evolution" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "Quantum Objects Evolution" begin
+    using LinearAlgebra
+    using SparseArrays
+    using StaticArraysCore
+    using SciMLOperators
+
     # DomainError: incompatible between size of array and type
     @testset "Thrown Errors" begin
         a = MatrixOperator(rand(ComplexF64, 3, 2))

diff --git a/test/core-test/states_and_operators.jl b/test/core-test/states_and_operators.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-@testset "States and Operators" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "States and Operators" begin
+    import QuantumToolbox: position, momentum
+    using LinearAlgebra
+    using SparseArrays
+
     @testset "zero state" begin
         v1 = zero_ket(4)
         v2 = zero_ket((2, 2))

diff --git a/test/core-test/steady_state.jl b/test/core-test/steady_state.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Steady State" begin
+@testitem "Steady State" begin
     N = 10
     a = destroy(N)
     a_d = a'

diff --git a/test/core-test/time_evolution.jl b/test/core-test/time_evolution.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-@testset "Time Evolution and Partial Trace" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "Time Evolution and Partial Trace" begin
+    using Random
+    using SciMLOperators
+
     # Global definition of the system
     N = 10
     a = kron(destroy(N), qeye(2))

diff --git a/test/core-test/utilities.jl b/test/core-test/utilities.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Utilities" verbose = true begin
+@testitem "Utilities" begin
     @testset "n_thermal" begin
         ω1 = rand(Float64)
         ω2 = rand(Float64)

diff --git a/test/core-test/wigner.jl b/test/core-test/wigner.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Wigner" begin
+@testitem "Wigner" begin
     α = 0.5 + 0.8im
     ψ = coherent(30, α)
     ρ = to_sparse(ket2dm(ψ), 1e-6)

diff --git a/test/ext-test/cpu/autodiff/Project.toml b/test/ext-test/cpu/autodiff/Project.toml
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 Enzyme = "7da242da-08ed-463a-9acd-ee780be4f1d9"
 QuantumToolbox = "6c2fb7c5-b903-41d2-bc5e-5a7c320b9fab"
 SciMLSensitivity = "1ed8b502-d754-442c-8d5d-10ac956f44a1"
-Zygote = "e88e6eb3-aa80-5325-afca-941959d7151f"
+Zygote = "e88e6eb3-aa80-5325-afca-941959d7151f"
diff --git a/test/ext-test/cpu/autodiff/zygote.jl b/test/ext-test/cpu/autodiff/zygote.jl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-@testset "Zygote.jl Autodiff" verbose=true begin
+@testset "Zygote Extension" verbose=true begin
     @testset "sesolve" begin
         coef_Ω(p, t) = p[1]
 

diff --git a/test/runtests.jl b/test/runtests.jl
@@ -1,49 +1,28 @@
 using Test
+using TestItemRunner
 using Pkg
 
-# Importing only the necessary functions to keep track the re-export of the functions
-import LinearAlgebra: Diagonal, I, mul!, triu, tril, triu!, tril!
-import SparseArrays: sparse, sprand, spzeros, spdiagm, nnz, SparseVector, SparseMatrixCSC, AbstractSparseMatrix
-import StaticArraysCore: SVector
+const GROUP_LIST = String["All", "Core", "Code-Quality", "AutoDiff_Ext", "Makie_Ext", "CUDA_Ext"]
 
 const GROUP = get(ENV, "GROUP", "All")
+(GROUP in GROUP_LIST) || throw(ArgumentError("Unknown GROUP = $GROUP"))
 
-const testdir = dirname(@__FILE__)
-
-# Put core tests in alphabetical order
-core_tests = [
-    "block_diagonal_form.jl",
-    "correlations_and_spectrum.jl",
-    "dynamical_fock_dimension_mesolve.jl",
-    "dynamical-shifted-fock.jl",
-    "eigenvalues_and_operators.jl",
-    "entropy_and_metric.jl",
-    "generalized_master_equation.jl",
-    "low_rank_dynamics.jl",
-    "negativity_and_partial_transpose.jl",
-    "progress_bar.jl",
-    "quantum_objects.jl",
-    "quantum_objects_evo.jl",
-    "states_and_operators.jl",
-    "steady_state.jl",
-    "time_evolution.jl",
-    "utilities.jl",
-    "wigner.jl",
-]
-
+# Core tests
 if (GROUP == "All") || (GROUP == "Core")
-    using QuantumToolbox
-    import QuantumToolbox: position, momentum
-    import Random: MersenneTwister
-    import SciMLOperators: MatrixOperator, NullOperator, IdentityOperator
+    import QuantumToolbox
 
     QuantumToolbox.about()
 
-    for test in core_tests
-        include(joinpath(testdir, "core-test", test))
-    end
+    println("\nStart running Core tests...\n")
+    @run_package_tests verbose=true
 end
 
+########################################################################
+# Use traditional Test.jl instead of TestItemRunner.jl for other tests #
+########################################################################
+
+const testdir = dirname(@__FILE__)
+
 if (GROUP == "All") || (GROUP == "Code-Quality")
     Pkg.activate("core-test/code-quality")
     Pkg.develop(PackageSpec(path = dirname(@__DIR__)))
@@ -52,6 +31,8 @@ if (GROUP == "All") || (GROUP == "Code-Quality")
     using QuantumToolbox
     using Aqua, JET
 
+    (GROUP == "Code-Quality") && QuantumToolbox.about() # print version info. for code quality CI in GitHub
+
     include(joinpath(testdir, "core-test", "code-quality", "code_quality.jl"))
 end
 
@@ -65,6 +46,8 @@ if (GROUP == "AutoDiff_Ext")
     using Enzyme
     using SciMLSensitivity
 
+    QuantumToolbox.about()
+
     include(joinpath(testdir, "ext-test", "cpu", "autodiff", "zygote.jl"))
 end
 
@@ -86,6 +69,8 @@ if (GROUP == "CUDA_Ext")
     Pkg.instantiate()
 
     using QuantumToolbox
+    import LinearAlgebra: Diagonal
+    import StaticArraysCore: SVector
     using CUDA
     using CUDA.CUSPARSE
     # CUDA.allowscalar(false) # This is already set in the extension script